This report will be of interest to policy makers as well as managers. Policy makers need to understand the implications of the systems they design, such as performance-based pay tied to organizational targets. Managers need to understand that what they choose to do or not to do also has implications for the successful use of performance measures. Metzenbaum emphasizes the importance of constructive feedback and the use of constant back-and-forth discussions in improving performance based on metrics.performance accountability, performance management, performance, IBM Center for The Business of Government, managing for performance, performance improvement, goals Shelley Metzenbaum, public policy, building blocks, essential practices, measurement Managing for Performance and Results